Detection of human papillomavirus genotypes, herpes simplex, varicella zoster and cytomegalovirus in breast cancer patients

Abstract Background The role of viruses as a cause breast cancer (BC) has been significantly investigated in recent years. Human papillomavirus (HPV) detected invasive carcinomas, while most studies have only focused on the detection viral DNA, we aimed to examine prevalence and genotypes HPV among Iranian BC patients. We also examined presence herpes simplex-1 (HSV-1), simplex-2 (HSV-2), varicella zoster virus (VZV), cytomegalovirus (CMV) these samples. Methods collected analyzed 70 Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded (FFPE) blocks including 59 samples, 11 benign lesions control from patients using nested PCR. Real-time PCR utilized confirming test findings. Genotyping positive samples was performed, were subjected multiplex detect HSV-1, HSV-2, VZV, CMV BC. Results Papillomavirus DNA present 7 (11.8%); none prevalent type HPV18, followed by 6. All had high tumor grades (II/ III) with histologic diagnosis ductal carcinoma. patient age range 33 73 years median 51 Most low levels education. HPV16 not detected. Also, 5 specimens (8.47%), for HSV-1. But CMV. Conclusions Our results suggest carcinogenesis High-risk (HPV18) tumors. findings HSV-1 low-risk (HPV6) BCs may propose cancer-causing them. Further large-scale are warranted assess significance our